Pneumatic equalizer for vehicles.



PATENTED NOV. 19

C. ROSENZWEIG.

PNEUMATIC E QUA'LIZER FOR VEHICLES.

APPL-IOATION FILED APR.28, 1906.

3 SHEETSSHBET 1.

lNVENTOR I M ATTORNEYS No. 871,186. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907. G. ROSENZWEIG.

PNEUMATIC EQUALIZER FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.28,1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEI1T 2.

Wlgl 1% NVENTOI? a )M Am- 6 I" 1' 71 ATTORNEYS No 871,186. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907. U. ROSBNZWEIG. PNEUMATIG EQUALIZER FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:-

CHAIM ROSENZWEIG,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PNEUMATIC EQUALIZER FOR VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19, 1907.

Application filed April 28. 1906. Serial No. 314.117.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatl, CHAIM RosENzwEIc,

- a citizen of the United States, and a resident be fully described hereinafter and larly pointed out in the appended c overcome inequalities in the road.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is aside view of a portion of a carnage provided with my improved cushion,

Withparts in section; Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof on line 22 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3

is a detail sectional view of a valve emloyed in connection with my invention.-

ig. 4 is a longitudinal section of said valve, Fig. 5 is a front view of a carriage provided with my invention, the carriage bod being omitted. Fig. 6 is a side view with c 1n sectlon showing a form of.my lnvention mg sides C suitable wag; this arrangement is dupllthls concave surface rests the convex particularly adapted for use in connection with railroad cars. Fig. 7 is a cross section on line 77 of Fig. 6

A indicates a carriage'axle on which the Wheels B are mounted. Under this axle passes a plate 0 having downwardly extendand a clip or yoke D passes over the axle and is secured to the plate C in an cated at eac end of the axle A. Upon the upper surface of the plate C are adapted to s11 e crosswise of the carriage, bearing plates E-each of which has its upper surface concaved transversely of the carriage. Upon lower surface of a housing F adapted to receive or curled piece of hose or-tubin :the lower end of the spring or cushion G which as shown, consists -of a sparely wound the adjacent turns'of which are prefera ly vulcanized so as to stiffen the structure. It will be seen that there is one such spring or parts I cushion at each side of the axle A. The upper ends of the cushions G are'received 1n caps H secured to the beam I which'forms part of the structure on which the carriage body rests. A U-sha ed member J extends with its end portions centrally within the cushions G said end portions being received in sockets H at the top and passing through sockets Ft in the housings F. Its end portions J also pass through the bearing plates E and the plate 0, a suitable play being provided inthe plate C by means of slots run' nlng crosswise of the carriage so that the plate C and the axle A move crosswise of the carriage relatively to the Cplate E; The

end portions J are connecte by a central portion J and are also provided with proections J 2 against which the one end of the springs K are adapted to rest. The said springs K run crosswise of the carriage and are partly located in cups K, which are secured to one of the side members 0 which are provided with suitable openings through which the springs K project. The cups K thus serve as a bearing surface for the other .end of the springs K which therefore have a tendency to keep the end portions J equally distant from the side members 0 but allow the said end portions tomove slightly and thus take up j-ars or jolts. The transverse curvature given to the engaging faces of the bearing plates E and housings F enable the plate E to swing so asto accommodate itself to a change of position when one side of the carriage is higher than the other on account of ine of eac l pair of cushions G which are adjacent to each other, are connected as are also the upper ends of each inner cushion on the same side of the vehicle so that the same body of fluid ma be in all of them. As shown in Fig. 5 t e upper ends of the two forward cushions .G are connected with a valve casing L preferably carried by a frame I the connection is made by pipes M M. Details of the valve casing Land of the valve contained therein are shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The valve casing is provided with seats L' L adjacent to the pipes M-M respectively, and these seats are adapted to be.

tures O normally closed by the sleeve por tions of the valves. At the center of the guide 0 is located a partition P dividing the said guide into two chambers and provided with two channels P P which lead to the respective chambers of the guide 0. A'cross piece P is secured to or forms part of the partition P and is adapted to be fastened to the frame I by means of bolts or screws P The valve casing L is preferably made in two parts and is fastened to said partition by means of bolts L it being understood that the two parts of the valve casing are fitted toether so as to be air ti ht. The valve casmg L and the valves and other parts are thus cated in each'of the valve chambers Q-Q and engages a seat S thus normally closing each of the passages P and P. The stem S of each valve S is connected with a dia phragm S, by means of a screw S, said diaphragm being secured in position by the cover Q, of each of the valve chambers Q Q. The covers Q are each provided with a flange forming a receptacle Q in which chamber is located a bufler S secured to the head of the screw or bolt S by-means of a pin S".

frame I and provided with transversely extending arms T T the ends of which arms are adjacent to each of the buffers S The lower end of the lever T is connected by a pin and slot connection T with a block T located in a chamber T in the steering rod T which is connected with each wheel B and is operated by the usual steering wheel,

which I have not deemedit necessary to show. Springs T are 'also located in the chamber T for the purpose to be more fully described hereinafter. Projections U, U are secured to or form part of the arms T and T and have their ends in'engagement with cups V 4 which slide in passages'W-W in communication with the pipes M-M.' Safety valves XX" areal'so located in these. flanges W-W and engage seats X in they pipes MM.. v Springs Y are located be,-

tween each of thevalvesX X and the cups VV' thus normally maintaining the said valves against their respectiveseats. Thus as the steering gear is o erated to turn the vehicle one way or the ot er, the lever T will be swung on its pivot T. If forinstance said lever is swun to thewleft in Figs. 3 and 5, the wheels will e turned to the right and the arm T will engage the bufler S and move the diaphragmS andopen the valve 10- This bufler extends beyond the re-' .ceptacle Q for the purpose to be presently "de'scribed; T is a lever pivoted at T to the cated in the valve chamber Q-.; The v al ve S being only capable of a small movement and having been fully opened the arm Twlll remain stationary and a continued movement of the steering rod will compress one of the springs'T Without affecting the arm T,. 5

it being understood that the steering rod T 1 is provided with slots T to permit of a continued movement after the valve has fully opened. Through this openlng of the said valve S in the chamber Q the passage P will be brought into communication with the: source of compressed. fluid which Wlll be admitted to said channel P and will fill the right hand end of the guide 0 and will cause the valve N to move; toward the right so as to seat the said valve on the seat L at which time the openings 0 will be uncovered by the valve so that the compressed air will enter the chamber of the valve casing L and will pass through the open valve N to the pipe M, and to the cushions G on one side of the carriage. During this left hand movement of the lever have forced the cup V upward and compressed the corresponding spring Y which thus exerts a greater pressure on the valve X and prevents the increased pressure from opening said valve. The arm U has at the same time permitted the cup V to descend been T, the arm U thereof will and consequently diminished the pressure of the spring Y on thevalveX so thatsaid valve is easily opened and acts as a safety valve to permit the cushions on that side of the vehicle to be easily compressed while those on the opposite side are expanded. By connecting the channel P with the source of compressedair the operation will be reversed and in this way the cushions oneither side of the carriage may be inflated. It will be seen that normally, that is, when the valves N- N .are in 'theposition illustrated by Fig. 4, the cushions G on both sides of the carriage will communicate with'each other. is however desired to' raise the body of the carriage on one side, the valve. controlling the supply. of compressedvair to the channels the valve N N as just described on the side of the carriage oppositeto the one it is desired to raise.

When-1t .PP Wlll be. opened so as-to admit air to The air entering through. the

channel P and P will then close the valve N or N and Wlll cause the compressed air to 1 flow to the cushions G 'on the side of-the car riage which it is desired'toiraise, Land will;

raise the body of the carria e on that-sideby a greater inflation "of sai cushions. This raising the dy of the carriageis f d-I3 vantage,particularly'in the case of automo-' I biles when by changing the center of gravity to overcome the centrifugal force or in other words by,raising that part which is on the "outside in turning and curving, the speed of the carriage may be increased materially without the same degree of danger of upsetv ispreferable.

ting as is-experienced in turning a curve with the resent customaryconstruction.

en applying the invention to an automobile, I should as described above prefer to connect the valve which controls the supply of compressed air, to either the channel 1 or P with the steering gear so that whenever the front wheels are turned to the left or. to the right, compressed air will be admitted automatically to the cushions G on that side of the carriage which is on the outside of the curve.

Figs. 6 and 7.'illustrate the application of my invention to railroad cars; t indicates the frame of the car truck having vertical members i which are guided along a box t on the car axle t. The truck frame is provided with a seat i for the up er end of the housing 11. preferably made.o two sections and formed with an internal spiral rim u. Within the spiral rim is fitted a similar rim '0 projecting on the outside of a stem 1) which may be tubular as shown. Between the adjacent portions of the two rims v'u/ is same side of the carriage in connection with ea'ch other may be filled with air orv other gas, or, if desired, with a liquid, although air I claim as my invention 1. In a vehicle having a steering portion,

I I the combination of two members arranged one above the other, hollow cushions interposed between said members at each side of the carriage, and means controlled ,by the movement of the steering portion of the vehicle for admitting fluid to the cushions on one sideof the carriage or the other whereby such side may be raised relatively to the other side.

2. In a vehicle having steering wheels and a steering ear for controlling them, the combination o a valve controlled by said steer-.

ing gear, hollow cushions on each side of the carriage, and connections which control the supply of the fluid to the cushions on one side of the carriage or the other according to the position given to said valve by the steering gear.

3. In a'vehicle the combination of two members arranged one above the other of a bearing plate movable relatively to the ower member 'and having its upper surface concaved transversely of the carriage, a housing shaped td conform to said concave surface,

and a cushion interposed between said housing and the upper member. y r

4. In a vehicle the combination of two members arranged one above the other, a bearing plate movable relatively to the lower member, a spring for holding said bearing plate in a central position, and acushion interposed between said bearing plate and the upper member.

5. In a vehicle the combination of two members arranged one above the other, hollow cushions interposed between said members on each side of the vehicle, a valve casing having connections leading to the cushions on opposite sidesof the carriage, a hollow guide located within said casing and divided into two chambers, said guide being provided with openings adapted to lead into the casing, valves mounted to slide along said guide and normally covering the said openings, the said valves being adapted to close the connection from the valve casing to the cushions on the respective sides of the vehicle/and means for admitting a fluid into either one of the chambers of the valve guide.

6. In a vehicle the combination of hollow cushions steering apparatus, and means controlled by such apparatus for permitting a fluid to enter saidcushions for raising the outer side of the vehicle when making a turn.

7. In a vehicle, the combination of two members arranged one above the other, hollow cushions inter osed between said members at each side of the carriage, a valve casing connected with said cushions, valves in said casing controlling the connection to said cushions and means controlled by the steering mechanism for permitting a fluid to operate one orthe other of said valves to cut off the connection between the cushions on one side of the vehicle and the valve casing and at the same time to permit said fluid to enter the cushions on the other side of said vehicle.

8. In a vehicle, the combination of two members arranged one above the other, hollow cushions interposed between said members at each side of the vehicle, a valve casin connected with said cushions, one set of va ves in said casing controlling the connections to said cushions, another set of valves connected with a source of fluid supply and also connected with said valve casing, said second named set of valves being controlled by the steering mechanism for permittin a fluid to operate one of said first named valves to cut oil the connection between the cushions on one side of the vehicle and the valve casing and at the same time to permit .said fluid to enter the cushions on the other side of the vehicle.

9. In a vehicle, the combination of two -members arranged one above the other, hollow cushions interposed between said members on each side of the vehicle, means con I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set nected With said cushions and controlled by my hand in the presence of two subscribing the steering mechanism for admitting fiuid'to I Witnesses.

the cushions on one side of the vehicle or the I CHAIM ROSENZWEIG. other, and safety v'alves also controlled by Witnesses: the steering mechanism and located between i -Jo'HN LOTKA,

the cushions and said means. 'JOHN A. KEHLENBEOK. 

